description
Collinsonia canadensis is a perennial herb of the Lamiaceae, or mint,
family.
Stone root's stem is four-sided and is often very smooth
(though sometimes is slightly pubescent) and grows three to four feet high. Its thin leaves are few in number, three to four inches
long and two to three inches broad. The coarsely serrate leaves are acuminate, abrupt or
subcordate at base, and may have a pungent lemon scent.
The plant's large often lemon-scented flowers are in loose, compound racemes; with a corolla half an inch or more in length. The corolla is yellow
tinged with green, and its elongated lower lip is fringed. The very hard, dusky brown root of this herb is knotty and rough. It
grows many slender fibers, that when fresh are of a somewhat unpleasant balsamic odor.
common names & nomenclature
Stone root was discovered by (and named for) Peter Collinson
(1693–1768). Peter Collinson was an English merchant botanist,
whose interest was in cultivating new American plants and transporting them to England.
Also known as:
stone root, horse balm, knob weed, knot root, hard back, hardhack, ox balm, richweed, heal-all