description
Daucus carota is a biennial plant in the Apiaceae family that grows a
rosette of leaves in the spring and summer, while building up the stout
taproot that stores large amounts of sugars for the plant to flower in the
second year. The leaves, produced from the stem nodes, are alternating and
compound, and arranged in a spiral. The leaf blades are pinnate. When the
seed stalk elongates, the tip of the stem narrows and becomes pointed,
extends upward, and becomes a highly branched inflorescence. The stems grow
to 60–200 cm (20–80 in) tall.
Taproots typically have a conical shape,
although cylindrical and round cultivars are available. The root diameter
can range from 1 cm (0.4 in) to as much as 10 cm (4 in) at the widest part.
The root length ranges from 5 cm (2.0 in) to 50 cm (20 in), although most
are between 10 and 25 cm (4 and 10 in).
The inflorescence is a compound
umbel, and each umbel contains several umbellets. The first (primary) umbel
occurs at the end of the main floral stem; smaller secondary umbels grow
from the main branch, and these branch into third, fourth, and even
later-flowering umbels. A large primary umbel can contain up to 50
umbellets, each of which may have as many as 50 flowers; subsequent umbels
have fewer flowers.
Flowers are small and white, sometimes with a light
green or yellow tint. They consist of five petals, five stamens, and an
entire calyx. The anthers usually dehisce and the stamens fall off before
the stigma becomes receptive to receive pollen. The fruit that develops is a
schizocarp consisting of two mericarps; each mericarp is an achene or true
seed. The paired mericarps are easily separated when they are dry.
common names & nomenclature
The common name Queen Anne's lace is used because the flower resembles lace;
the red flower in the center is thought to represent a blood drop where
Queen Anne pricked herself with a needle when she was making the lace. It
is also called Wild Carrot, because this European plant is the progenitor
(wild ancestor) of the domestic carrot.
Also known as:
carrot, carot, carotte, djane racene, hu lo po, jezar, yarkuki, zanahoria, wild carrot, bird's nest, bishop's lace, queen anne's lace, birds nest weed, bees nest, devils plague, garden carrot, bird's nest root, fools parsley, lace flower, gaizar, havuc, hawuch, huang lo po, hung lo po, jezar, mohrrube, peen, philtron, yarkuki, zanahoria